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Thorulf of Orkney
Thorulf or Torulf (fl. mid-11th century) was medieval prelate, a Bishop of Orkney. Although probably a native Scandinavian, he is known only from the account of the German writer Adam of Bremen. Adam reported that he was appointed bishop by Adalbert, Archbishop of Hamburg, the first Orcadian appointee under Hamburg overlordship. Thorulf's period of appointment coincided with the reign of Earl Thorfinn Sigurdsson, alleged builder of the Birsay church and founder of the bishopric of Orkney.
==Hamburg and Orkney==
Thorulf is known only from one source. According to the late 11th-century Saxon writer Adam of Bremen, he was appointed as bishop of ''Blascona'' in Orkney by Adalbert, Archbishop of Hamburg.〔Watt and Murray, ''Fasti Ecclesiae'', p. 322; Anderson, ''Early Sources'', vol. ii, p. 8; Tschan (ed.), ''History of the Archbishops'', pp. 183, 216〕 In the mid-11th century, the Archbishop of Hamburg's jurisdiction extended over Scandinavia.〔Dowden, ''Bishops'', p. 252〕 Historians identify ''Blascona'' with Birsay (Old Norse: ''Birgisherað''), ''Blascona'' a Latinisation perhaps derived from an older form.〔Crawford, "Bishops of Orkney", p. 1, n. 1, for details; Thomson, ''New History'', p. 85〕
Adam leaves no personal details about Thorulf, but supplies some information about the Orkney see, stating that the: ...Orkney Islands, although they had previously been ruled by English and Scottish bishops, our primate () on the pope's order consecrated Thorulf bishop for the city of Birsay (civitatem Blasconam'' ), and he was to have cure of all.〔Tschan (ed.), ''History of the Archbishops'', p. 216〕 The date was approximately 1050, though could have been at any point between 1043 and 1072, the episcopate of Adalbert.〔Tschan (ed.), ''History of the Archbishops'', p. 216, n. 119; Watt and Murray, ''Fasti Ecclesiae'', p. 322〕 The date 1050 is suggested as this was around the time that Earl Thorfinn Sigurdsson, ruler of Orkney, visited Rome.〔"Birsay-Peel-Selja", pp. 22–23〕
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